/Length 95 /CS /DeviceRGB 593 0 R 594 0 R 595 0 R 596 0 R 597 0 R 598 0 R 599 0 R 600 0 R 601 0 R 602 0 R 35 0 obj Instant Download Sample Chapters 1. /S /Transparency If the statement is true, explain why. The law protects children younger than 14 because their brains are still developingthey have less judgment, maturity, and knowledge than adults, and kids under 14 are even less responsible and more vulnerable than older teens. /Parent 2 0 R << 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R] Those negative impacts lead to higher taxpayer costs, not just to pay for prisons themselves but also to fund mental health services and school and social work efforts to help damaged children and families. /Type /Catalog /Footnote /Note (334) 269-1803 /CS /DeviceRGB Before sentencing takes place in felony cases, it is common for the prosecutor to personally conduct a presentence investigation. Restitution is the most popular model of restorative justice. Meanwhile, additional research can discover more non-prison approaches that work. This can happen for a variety of reasons. >> We advocate for clients in parole hearings, provide re-entry services designed for people incarcerated as children, and educate policymakers, decision makers, and the public about the treatment of children in the justice system. endobj 12 [656 0 R 657 0 R 658 0 R 659 0 R 660 0 R 661 0 R 662 0 R 663 0 R 664 0 R 665 0 R 15 0 obj The most common form of criminal sanction during the 20th century was: The ____________________ is a correctional approach aimed at returning offenders to the community as soon as possible. Human beings are seen as rational creatures, who, being free to choose their actions, can be held responsible for their behavior. d. deterrence. The executive branch has the right to overturn or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights. c. pay back society for the disruptions caused because of their crimes. 608 0 R 609 0 R 610 0 R 611 0 R 612 0 R 613 0 R 614 0 R 615 0 R 616 0 R 617 0 R endobj 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R All offenders on house arrest are being monitored electronically. endstream
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Young children clearly cant defend themselves in adult court, but the rules created to shield adults who arent competent to stand trial dont take kids unique characteristics into account. << >> /Font << Cancer has been around as long as humankind, but only in the second half of the twentieth century did the number of cancer cases explode. c. serving short sentences. Punishment that is based on "getting even" for violating the social contract is known as: Which position on punishment is most closely linked to retribution? With the number of plea bargains increasing over the past few years, there seems to be a transfer of power in the courtroom to the prosecutor from the: During trials without juries, the judge does which of the following? Follow the format of the given exhibit (3.14) in the text. /Contents [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R] << /F2 24 0 R and more. /Contents 41 0 R 603 0 R 604 0 R 605 0 R 606 0 R 607 0 R 608 0 R 609 0 R 610 0 R 611 0 R 612 0 R One major purpose of community corrections acts is to encourage state imprisonment in lieu of local sentencing options. After decades of imprisoning more and more people, U.S. policymakers have recently started focusing on alternative punishments - and shorter sentences for many non-violent offenders have reduced the numbers of prisoners. endobj << And so we pass laws to protect kids from their own poor decisions and from adults who would harm or take advantage of them. xs endobj Seventy percent of those 14 or younger who were sentenced to die in prison were children of color. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] D) serving short sentences >> The Bail Reform Act of 1984 overturned the 1976 Supreme Court case of Burton v. South Carolina, which required that no defendant be kept in pretrial detention simply because he or she could not afford financial bail, and reinstated pretrial detention for indigent offenders. 32 0 obj 13 0 obj /ExtGState << All 50 states now impose some form of fee on probationers to defray the cost of probation and other community programs. Much of the institutional programming provided to offenders is geared toward All Rights Reserved. There is little evidence to support the idea that day reporting centers contribute to lower rates of recidivism, According to the continuum of intermediate sanctions, which of the following is the most intrusive sanction. 434 0 R 435 0 R 436 0 R 437 0 R 438 0 R 439 0 R 440 0 R 441 0 R 442 0 R 443 0 R 22 0 obj Half of all detainees being held in jail are misdemeanants who could not make bail. >> Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: paying for their crimes. /Parent 2 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R /Type /Group 538 0 R 539 0 R 540 0 R 541 0 R 542 0 R 543 0 R 544 0 R 545 0 R 546 0 R 547 0 R 13. /Tabs /S >> /Parent 2 0 R 498 0 R 499 0 R 500 0 R 501 0 R 502 0 R 503 0 R 504 0 R 505 0 R 506 0 R 507 0 R hbbd```b``"_H&! True b. Prosecutors charge other young kids directly in adult court. /Annots [57 0 R] /GS17 35 0 R RevenuesCostofSalesGrossProfitSelling,General,andAdministrativeExpensesProfitBeforeTaxIncomeTaxesNetIncomeYear121,891,466(1,737,427)154,039(98,524)55,515(23,594)31,921. /StructParents 10 applies retroactively and requires new sentencing hearings for everyone serving a mandatory life-without-parole sentence for an offense when they were under 18. reaffirmed that life-without-parole sentences are unconstitutional for all but the rare juvenile for whom rehabilitation is impossible. >> Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community corrections acts (CCA)? >> /Widths [250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 /Type /Font /Tabs /S Children as young as eight have been prosecuted as adults. /F1 23 0 R ] /StructParents 8 /Parent 2 0 R /Type /Font %%EOF
/StructParents 0 126 0 R 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 378 0 R 379 0 R 380 0 R 381 0 R 382 0 R] /Contents 36 0 R Question 2 Punishment that is based on getting even for violating the social contract is known as: a. retribution. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] A sentence of 1 to 15 years is an example of a determinate sentence. \text{Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses}&(98,524) \\ 30 0 obj /Resources << /CS /DeviceRGB Are such efforts affordable for states and localities? Although this research shows that prison sentences are no more effective than probation at preventing crime, some observers nevertheless stress the value letting convicts know that crime begets serious punishment and point out that communities are safer while violent offenders remain incarcerated. 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R Over a thousand people who were automatically condemned to die in prison for juvenile offenses have been resentenced because of. used in judging the economic value of projects? Which term is used to describe the multimillion-dollar prison-building boom in which powerful corporate interests groups, large businesses, and politicians joins together to profit from the large corrections industry? << /F4 26 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /Header /Sect >> /GS16 34 0 R Only 4 feet, 3 inc, In this cartoon, Boss Tweed welcomes choleraa skeletal figure of death carrying a handbag from Asi, Comparison of Principles of Abstinence-Only and Comprehensive Sex Education in the Public School Sys. After Hurricane Katrina, there was considerable public outrage that many of the properties were not Public order crimes are often called __________ crimes. Which of the following were prisons established by the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages for those believed to be engaging in acts that violated religious principles? >> /Font << /Group << /F6 48 0 R Which of the following is NOT one of the key features of "the new penology" approach to probation? C)serving short sentences. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Every state in America has capacity to house juveniles separate from adults but many refuse to do so.3 Sarah Hockenberry & Anthony Sladky, Juvenile Residential Facility Census, 2016: Selected Findings, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Dec. 2016). endstream
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/StructParents 5 /Type /Page 310 0 R 311 0 R 312 0 R 750 0 R 321 0 R 322 0 R 323 0 R 324 0 R 751 0 R 333 0 R Homework Clinic is a free homework helpline for anyone who signs-up. a. /F3 25 0 R The purpose of fines is to equalize the financial impact of sentences of offenders. >> 742 0 R 743 0 R] /Length 125 << 6 [424 0 R 425 0 R 426 0 R 427 0 R 428 0 R 429 0 R 430 0 R 431 0 R 432 0 R 433 0 R It was helpful to bounce ideas around and dissect the texts together. Imprisoned inmates are cut off from normal social support networks in community and experience deteriorations in their skills and interpersonal ties that damage their chances of finding jobs and resuming normal lives after they leave prison. /F5 47 0 R 532 0 R 533 0 R 534 0 R 535 0 R 536 0 R 537 0 R 538 0 R 539 0 R 540 0 R 541 0 R A)paying for their crimes.B)learning lessons.C)serving short sentences.D)having charges dropped. The justification for punishment does not express public outrage. If not, give a counterexample. 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R /GS17 35 0 R /ParentTree 21 0 R endobj Quite contrary to the idea of rehabilitation and distinct from the utilitarian purposes of restraint and deterrence, the purpose of retribution is actively to injure criminal offenders, ideally in proportion with their injuries to society, and so expiate them of guilt. Research has shown that both Latinos and African-Americans are, in general, sentenced more harshly than are whites. {NN3eUe{f~D*.*3[i.q\CW82^l1 >pCpgscmDm4p~
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3Yjf|ae$/S@s~0 /Textbox /Sect >> /F1 23 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Under presumptive sentencing guidelines, the governor sets the penalties for criminal acts. Trying Juveniles as Adults: An Analysis of State Transfer Laws and Reporting. 438 0 R 439 0 R 440 0 R 441 0 R 442 0 R 443 0 R 444 0 R 445 0 R 446 0 R 447 0 R /BM /Normal According to the text, citizens are most concerned about the high rate of probationers'_. /Type /ExtGState EJIs litigation campaign to challenge death-in-prison sentences imposed on children led to the historic ruling inMiller v. Alabama. 645 0 R 646 0 R 647 0 R 648 0 R 649 0 R 650 0 R 651 0 R 652 0 R 653 0 R 654 0 R Children as young as 13 were among those condemned to die in prison. /Tabs /S /Contents 38 0 R 11 [619 0 R 620 0 R 621 0 R 622 0 R 623 0 R 624 0 R 625 0 R 626 0 R 627 0 R 627 0 R endobj Which prison reformer developed the Irish mark system, which eventually spread to the United States and influenced the development of parole? 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